He mā te waikawa benzoic, he tioata āhua ngira kore tae rānei, ko tōna tauira C6H5COOH. He kakara ngawari, he kakara reka hoki. Nā ōna āhuatanga maha, ka kitea ngā whakamahinga o te waikawa benzoic i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, tae atu ki te tiaki kai, te rongoā, me ngā mea whakapaipai.

Kei roto i ngā momo tipu me ngā momo kararehe te waikawa benzoic me ōna esters. He mea nui, he nui ngā kukū o te maha o ngā hua, tata ki te 0.05%. Ko ngā hua pakari o ētahi momo Vaccinium, pērā i te cranberry (V. vitis-idaea) me te bilberry (V. myrtillus), ka taea te whai i ngā taumata waikawa benzoic kore utu mai i te 0.03% ki te 0.13%. Hei tāpiri, ka puta te waikawa benzoic i ngā aporo ina pangia e te harore Nectria galligena. Kua kitea hoki tēnei matū i roto i ngā whekau me ngā uaua o te toka ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), tae atu ki ngā hinu o te muskoxen tāne (Ovibos moschatus) me ngā arewhana puru Āhia (Elephas maximus). Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te kapia benzoin te whai i te 20% o te waikawa benzoic me te 40% o ōna esters.

He tino pai te waikawa benzoic, i ahu mai i te hinu cassia, mō ngā whakapaipai e ahu mai ana i ngā tipu.

Te Whakamahinga o te Waikawa Benzoic

1. Ko te hanga o te phenol e uru ana ki te whakamahinga o te waikawa benzoic. Kua whakapumautia ka taea te tango i te phenol mai i te waikawa benzoic mā te tukanga tukatuka i te waikawa benzoic rewa ki te hau whakapūngao, ko te hau te mea pai, me te mamaoa i ngā pāmahana mai i te 200°C ki te 250°C.

2. Ko te waikawa benzoic te matū matua mō te benzoyl chloride, he mea nui tēnei i roto i te hanga i te whānuitanga o ngā matū, tae, kakara, patu taru, me ngā rongoā. Hei tāpiri, ka pākia te waikawa benzoic hei hanga i ngā benzoate esters, benzoate amides, thioesters o ngā benzoates, me te benzoic anhydride. He huānga hanganga nui tēnei i roto i ngā matū nui maha e kitea ana i roto i te taiao, ā, he mea nui hoki i roto i ngā matū waro.

3. Ko tētahi o ngā whakamahinga matua o te waikawa benzoic he mea tiaki i roto i te rāngai kai. He maha te whakamahinga i roto i ngā inu, ngā hua hua, me ngā ranu, ā, he mea nui tana mahi ki te ārai i te tipu o te harore, te rewena, me ētahi huakita.

4. I roto i te ao rongoā, he maha ngā wā ka honoa te waikawa benzoic me te waikawa salicylic hei rongoā i ngā mate kiri harore pēnei i te waewae o te kaitākaro, te kūkū, me te kiri mākūkū. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga kiri nā ōna pānga keratolytic, e āwhina ana ki te tango i ngā kiri mākūkū, ngā kōanga, me ngā kiri mākūkū. Ina whakamahia mō ngā kaupapa rongoā, ka pania te waikawa benzoic ki te kiri. Kei te wātea i roto i ngā momo āhua, tae atu ki ngā kirīmi, ngā hinu, me ngā paura. Ko te kukū o te waikawa benzoic i roto i ēnei hua kei waenga i te 5% ki te 10%, he maha ngā wā ka honoa ki te kukū rite o te waikawa salicylic. Hei rongoā whai hua mō ngā mate kiri harore, he mea nui kia horoia me te whakamaroke i te wāhi e pāngia ana i mua i te paninga i tētahi paparanga angiangi o te rongoā. E rua ki te toru ngā wā i te rā e taunakihia ana kia pania, ā, he mea nui te piri ki ngā tohutohu a tētahi tohunga hauora hei whakatutuki i ngā hua pai rawa atu.

E kiia ana te waikawa benzoic he haumaru ina whakamahia tika; heoi, ka pā mai pea ngā pānga taha ki ētahi tāngata. Ko ngā pānga taha e tino pūrongohia ana ko ngā tauhohenga kiri ā-rohe pēnei i te whero, te mākūkū, me te riri. He ngawari noa iho ēnei tohu, ā, he wā poto noa iho, ahakoa he kore whakamarie pea ki ētahi. Mena ka haere tonu, ka kaha ake rānei te riri, he mea tika kia mutu te whakamahi i te hua, me rapu tohutohu mai i tētahi tohunga hauora.

Ko te hunga e mōhiotia ana he pāwera ki te waikawa benzoic, ki tētahi atu rānei o ōna kai, me karo i te whakamahi i ngā hua kei roto tēnei matū. Hei tāpiri, kāore e whakaaetia kia whakamahia ki ngā patunga tuwhera, ki te kiri pakaru rānei, nā te mea ka hua pea te paitini o te waikawa mā te kiri kua pakaru. Ko ngā tohu o te paitini o te tinana ko te whakapairuaki, te ruaki, te mamae o te puku, me te whanoke, me tere te wawaotanga hauora.

E akiakihia ana ngā wāhine hapū me ngā wāhine whāngai u kia kōrero ki tā rātou kaiwhakarato hauora i mua i te whakamahi i ngā hua kei roto te waikawa benzoic hei whakarite i te haumaru mō rātou me ā rātou pēpi. Ahakoa he iti noa ngā taunakitanga e pā ana ki ngā pānga o te waikawa benzoic i te wā e hapū ana me te whāngai u, he mea whakaaro nui tonu kia tūpato.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he matū whai hua te waikawa benzoic, he whānuitia ngā whakamahinga. Nā tōna āhua tūturu, ōna āhuatanga tiaki, me tōna whānui hoki i ngā whakamahinga, he mea whai hua tēnei i roto i ngā momo ahumahi. Heoi anō, he mea nui kia whakamahia te waikawa benzoic me te haumaru, me te whai i ngā aratohu kua tūtohutia, me te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hauora ina hiahiatia.