He mea tito ngā kakara i te kotahi, neke atu rānei o ngā pūhui rauropi me te kakara, kei roto i ēnei ngota rauropi ētahi rōpū kakara. He rerekē te whakakotahitanga o ēnei i roto i te ngota, kia rerekē ai te kakara me te kakara o ngā kakara.
Ko te taumaha ngota ira kei waenganui i te 26 me te 300, ka wairewa ki te wai, ki te etanoru, ki ētahi atu whakarewa rauropi rānei. Me whai rōpū ngota te ngota pēnei i te 0H, -co-, -NH, me te -SH, e kiia nei ko te rōpū kakara, ko te rōpū kakara rānei. Mā ēnei tautau makawe ka puta he momo whakaohooho rerekē i te kakara, ka rerekē ai ngā kare ā-roto o te whakakakara ki te tangata.
Te Whakarōpūtanga o ngā Reka
E ai ki te pūtake, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā kakara māori me ngā kakara hangai. Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā kakara māori ki te kakara māori kararehe me te kakara māori tipu. Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā kakara hangai ki ngā kakara motuhake, ngā kakara hangai matū me ngā kakara whakaranu, ā, ka wehea ngā kakara hangai ki ngā kakara hangai-haurua me ngā kakara hangai-katoa.
Ngā reka taiao
Ko ngā kakara taiao e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga kakara taketake o ngā kararehe me ngā tipu kāore anō kia tukatukahia, ā, he mea pani tika ki te hinu kakara; he mea tango, he mea whakapai rānei mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga ā-tinana, me te kore e whakarerekē i te hanganga taketake. Kei roto i ngā kakara taiao ngā kakara kararehe me ngā kakara tipu e rua ngā wāhanga.
Ngā kakara kararehe taiao
He iti ake ngā momo kakara kararehe tūturu, ko te nuinga he mea hanga mō te whakaputanga, te whakaputanga rānei o ngā kararehe. E rua tekau mā rua ngā momo kakara kararehe e wātea ana mō te tono. Ko te nuinga o ēnei e whakamahia ana i ēnei rā ko: musk, ambergris, civet insenso, castorean, me ēnei kakara kararehe e whā.
Te reka tūturu o te tipu
Ko te reka tūturu o ngā tipu te pūtake matua o te reka tūturu, he nui ngā momo reka o ngā tipu, ā, he rerekē ngā tikanga rongoā. Kua kitea e te tangata neke atu i te 3600 ngā momo tipu kakara i roto i te taiao, pērā i te miniti, te lavender, te peony, te jasmine, te clove, me ētahi atu, engari e 400 noa iho ngā momo whakamahinga whai hua e wātea ana i tēnei wā. E ai ki tō rātou hanganga, ka taea te wehewehe i a rātou ki ngā terpenoids, ngā rōpū aliphatic, ngā rōpū kakara me ngā pūhui hauota me te whanariki.
ngā kakara hangai
Ko te kakara hangai he matū i hangaia mā te hanga matū mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi mata tūturu, ngā rauemi mata matū rānei. I tēnei wā, e 4000~5000 ngā momo kakara hangai e ai ki ngā tuhinga, ā, e 700 ngā momo e whakamahia whānuitia ana. I roto i te tauira kakara o nāianei, e 85% te nui o ngā kakara hangai.
Ngā wehenga hinu kakara
Ko ngā mea kakara motuhake he matū kakara kotahi kua wehea mai i ngā kakara tūturu mā te taha tinana, matū rānei. Kotahi te hanganga me te hanganga ngota mārama, engari kotahi te kakara, ā, me whakamahi tahi me ētahi atu kakara tūturu, kakara hangai rānei.
Te reka haurua-hangai
Ko te kakara haurua-hanga he momo kakara i hangaia mā te tauhohenga matū, he wāhanga nui o te kakara hangai. I tēnei wā, neke atu i te 150 ngā momo kakara haurua-hangai kua hangaia hei ahumahi.
Ngā kakara hangai katoa
Ko ngā kakara hangai katoa he matū i whiwhihia mā te tauhohenga hangai matū maha-taahiraa o ngā hua matū hinu, waro rānei hei rauemi mata taketake. He "rauemi mata hangai" i hangaia i runga i te huarahi hangai kua whakatūria. Neke atu i te 5,000 ngā momo kakara hangai o te ao, ā, neke atu i te 1,400 ngā momo kakara hangai e whakaaetia ana i Haina, me te neke atu i te 400 ngā momo hua e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
Te whakaranu reka
Ko te whakaranu e pā ana ki te ranunga o ngā kakara horihori, tae atu ki ngā tekau, o ngā momo kakara (taiao, hangai me ngā mea kakara motuhake) me tētahi kakara ka taea te whakamahi tika mō te reka o te hua, e mōhiotia ana ko te eseni.
E ai ki te mahi a ngā kakara i roto i te whakaranu, e rima ngā wāhanga ka taea te wehewehe: te kaiho kakara matua, me te kaiho kakara, te whakarerekētanga, te kaiho kakara pumau me te kakara. E toru ngā wāhanga ka taea te wehewehe: te kakara o te upoko, te kakara o te tinana me te kakara taketake e ai ki te rerekētanga o te kakara me te roa o te pupuri.
Te whakarōpūtanga o te kakara
I whakaputa a Poucher i tētahi tikanga hei whakarōpū i ngā kakara i runga i te āhua o te rerekētanga o te kakara. I arotakehia e ia e 330 ngā kakara māori me ngā kakara hangai me ētahi atu kakara, me te whakarōpū i a rātou ki ngā kakara tuatahi, ki te tinana me te tuatahi i runga i te roa o te wā i noho ai rātou ki runga i te pepa.
Ka tohaina e te Poucher he tauwehenga "1" ki te hunga kua ngaro te kakara i roto i te iti iho i te kotahi rā, "2" ki te hunga kua ngaro te kakara i roto i te iti iho i te rua rā, ā, pērā tonu ki te "100" te mōrahi, ā, i muri iho ka kore e whakarōpūtia. Ka whakarōpūtia e ia te 1 ki te 14 hei kakara mō te upoko; 15 ki te 60 hei kakara tinana, ā, 62 ki te 100 hei kakara taketake, hei kakara pumau rānei.
Wā tuku: 23 o Ākuhata-2024